Анализ потерь тепла и времени ожидания в тупиковых участках систем ГВС многоквартирных жилых домов

Analysis of Heat Losses and Waiting Times in Dead-End Sections of Hot Water Supply Systems of Multi-Apartment Residential Buildings

G. P. Vasilyev, Doctor of Engineering, Professor at Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation Department of SRI Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Chief Scientific Associate of "Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies" Laboratory at FSBI Scientific Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences

V. F. Gornov, Project Department Director at INSOLAR-INVEST LLC, Head of "Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies" Laboratory at FSBI Scientific Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences

A. N. Dmitriyev, Doctor of Engineering, Professor of Capital Group Projects and Programs Management Department at Russian Economic University named after G. V. Plehanov

M. V. Kolesova, Deputy General Director for Sustainable Development at INSOLAR-INVEST LLC, Senior Scientific Associate of "Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies" Laboratory at FSBI Scientific Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences

V. A. Leskov, General Director at INSOLAR-ENERGO LLC, Senior Scientific Associate of "Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies" Laboratory at FSBI Scientific Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences

V. G. Silaev, Chief Architect, INSOLAR-INVEST OJSC

Y. Ya. Zholobetsky, Engineer, INSOLAR-INVEST OJSC; Lead Engineer, Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies Laboratory, NIISF RAASN

V. G. Silaeva, Chief Architect, INSOLAR-INVEST OJSC

Y. Ya. Zholobetsky, Engineer, INSOLAR-INVEST OJSC; Lead Engineer “Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies” Laboratory at FSBI Scientific Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences NIISF RAASN

Keywords: hot water supply system, apartment building, hot water supply circulation circuit, dead-end pipeline section, heat loss, waiting time

In most cases, water taps installed in homes are not directly connected to the hot water circulation system. The hot water risers that circulate the water can be located either inside the apartment (in the vast majority of older buildings) or in the hallways between apartments (a modern solution). In both cases, there is almost always a section of pipe between the faucet or shower and the circulation system. It is in this section that individual hot water meters are installed, among other things. The water in the dead-end branch, which is filled with hot water after the consumer draws it, gradually cools, thereby causing heat loss in the hot water system.

To obtain information on the actual wait time for hot water to reach the faucet in a real-world facility, experimental studies were conducted, the results of which are presented in this material.

В большинстве случаев водоразборные приборы, устанавливаемые в жилье, не подключаются к циркуляционному контуру горячего водоснабжения непосредственно. Стояки ГВС, по которым производится циркуляция воды, могут находиться как внутри квартиры (в подавляющем большинстве старых домов), так и в межквартирных холлах (современное решение). В обоих случаях между смесителем или душем и циркуляционным контуром практически всегда имеется участок трубопровода. Именно на этом участке устанавливаются, в частности, индивидуальные приборы учета потребления горячей воды. Вода в тупиковой ветке, которая после в процессе разбора воды потребителем оказывается заполнена горячей водой, постепенно остывает, тем самым вызывая потери тепла в системе горячего водоснабжения.

Для получения информации о фактическом времени ожидания поступления горячей воды в смеситель в условиях реального объекта были проведены экспериментальные исследования, результаты которых приведены в данном материале.